On this day 24 June death of Lucrezia Borgia – Sarah Orne Jewett – Sissieretta Jones – Carlos Gardel – Jackie Gleason – Eli Wallach

Lucretia_Borgia_PinturicchioOn this day in 1519, daughter of Pope Alexander VI, Lady of Pesaro and Gradara, Duchess of Bisceglie and Princess of Salerno, Duchess of Ferrara, Modena and Reggio, Lucrezia Borgia died in Ferrara, Italy at the age of 39 from complications after giving birth to her eighth child, having had a lifelong history of complicated pregnancies and miscarriages.  Born in Subiaco, near Rome on 18 April 1480.  Her mother was Vannozza dei Cattanei, one of the mistresses of Lucrezia’s father, Rodrigo Borgia (Pope Alexander VI).  Her brothers included Cesare Borgia, Giovanni Borgia, and Gioffre Borgia.  Lucrezia’s family later came to epitomize the ruthless Machiavellian politics and sexual corruption characteristic of the Renaissance Papacy.  Lucrezia was cast as a femme fatale, a role she has been portrayed as in many artworks, novels, films and an opera.  Very little is known of Lucrezia, and the extent of her complicity in the political machinations of her father and brothers is unclear.  They certainly arranged several marriages for her to important or powerful men in order to advance their own political ambitions.  Lucrezia was married to Giovanni Sforza (Lord of Pesaro), Alfonso of Aragon (Duke of Bisceglie), and Alfonso I d’Este (Duke of Ferrara).  Tradition has it that Alfonso of Aragon was an illegitimate son of the King of Naples and that Lucrezia’s brother Cesare may have had him murdered after his political value waned.

lucretiaborgiaGrave_of_Duke_Alfonso_I_d'Este,_Lucretia_Borgia,_etc__-_Ferrara,_ItalyThe Final Footprint – Lucrezia was entombed in the convent of Corpus Domini.  On 15 October 1816, the Romantic poet Lord Byron visited the Ambrosian Library of Milan.  He was delighted by the letters between Borgia and her one-time lover, poet Pietro Bembo (“The prettiest love letters in the world”) and claimed to have managed to steal a lock of her hair (“the prettiest and fairest imaginable”) held on display.  Victor Hugo’s 1833 stage play Lucrèce Borgia, loosely based on the stories of Lucrezia, was transformed into a libretto by Felice Romani for Donizetti’s opera, Lucrezia Borgia (1834), first performed at La Scala, Milan, 26 December 1834.

#RIP #OTD in 1909 novelist, short story writer (The Country of the Pointed Firs), poet, Sarah Orne Jewett died in her South Berwick, Maine from a stroke aged 59. Portland Street Cemetery, South Berwick, Maine 

#RIP #OTD in 1933 soprano, called “The Black Patti” in reference to Italian opera singer Adelina Patti, Sissieretta
Jones died from cancer at the Rhode Island Hospital in Providence, Rhode Island aged 64-65. Grace Church Cemetery, Providence

#OTD #RIP in 1935 French-born Argentine singer, songwriter, composer and actor, the most prominent figure in the history of tango, «El Zorzal”, “The King of Tango” Carlos Gardel died in an airplane crash in Medellín, Columbia, aged 44. La Chacarita Cemetery in Buenos Aires

jackiegleasonjackiebioOn this day in 1987 comedian, actor and musician Jackie Gleason died at his home in Lauderhill, Florida at the age of 71.  Born Herbert Walton Gleason, Jr. on 26 February 1916 in either Bushwick or Bedford-Stuyvesant, Brooklyn.  Perhaps best known for his role on television as Ralph Kramden in The Honeymooners and for The Jackie Gleason Show (1952-1970).  His most noted film roles were as Minnesota Fats in the drama film The Hustler (1961) starring Paul Newman, and as Buford T. Justice in the Smokey and the Bandit movie series.  Gleason married three times; Genevieve Halford (1936-1970 divorce), Beverly McKittrick (1970-1975 divorce) and Marilyn Taylor (1975-1987 his death).  His trademark phrases were “And away we go!” and “How sweet it is!”.  In my opinion, The Honymooners is, without question, the “Bang, Zoom” funniest show that ever aired on television.  And I will stand on Jerry Seinfeld’s coffee table in my cowboy boots and say that.  I remember watching The Jackie Gleason Show as a kid.  Gleason was hilarious in Smokey and the Bandit.

The Final Footprint – Gleason is entombed in a private mausoleum in Our Lady of Mercy Catholic Cemetery in Miami, Florida.  Engraved at the base of the mausoleum is his epitaph; “AND AWAY WE GO”.  A life-size statue of Gleason, in full uniform as bus driver Ralph Kramden, stands outside the Port Authority Bus Terminal in New York City.  Another statue stands at the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences Hall of Fame in North Hollywood, California, showing Gleason in his famous “And away we go!” pose.  Local signs on the Brooklyn Bridge, which indicate to drivers that they are entering Brooklyn, have the Gleason phrase “How Sweet It Is!” as part of the sign.

th-16On this day in 2014, actor, graduate of the University of Texas, Eli Wallach died of natural causes at the age of 98 in Manhattan.  Born Eli Herschel Wallach on 7 December 1915 in Red Hook, Brooklyn.  Wallach’s  career spanned more than six decades, beginning in the late 1940s.  On stage, he often co-starred with his wife, Anne Jackson, becoming one of the best-known acting couples in the American theater.  Wallach initially studied method acting under Sanford Meisner, and later became a founding member of the Actors Studio, where he studied under Lee Strasberg.  His versatility gave him the ability to play a wide variety of different roles throughout his career, primarily as a supporting actor.

For his debut screen performance in Baby Doll, he won a BAFTA Award for Best Newcomer and a Golden Globe Award nomination. Among his other most famous roles are; Calvera in The Magnificent Seven (1960), Guido in The Misfits (1961), and Tuco in The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966), Don Altobello in The Godfather Part III, Cotton Weinberger in The Two Jakes (both 1990), and Arthur Abbott in The Holiday (2006).  One of America’s most prolific screen actors, Wallach remained active well into his nineties, with roles as recently as 2010 in Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps and The Ghost Writer.

Wallach received BAFTA Awards, Tony Awards and Emmy Awards for his work, and received an Academy Honorary Award at the second annual Governors Awards, presented on November 13, 2010. Wallach and Jackson were married from 1948 until his death.

The Final Footprint – Wallach was cremated.

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On this day 20 November – Tom Horn – Paula Modersohn-Becker – Leo Tolstoy – Chris Whitley – Robert Altman

Tom_Horn,_Lincoln,_NEOn this day in 1903, American Old West scout, hired gunman, Pinkerton, range detective, cowboy, and soldier Tom Horn executed by hanging in Cheyenne, Wyoming.  Born Thomas Horn, Jr. on the Horn family farm in rural northeastern Scotland County, Missouri.  Believed to have committed 17 murders as a hired gunman in the West, in 1902 Horn was convicted of the murder of 14-year-old Willie Nickell near Iron Mountain, Wyoming.  The boy was the son of sheep rancher Kels Nickell, who had been involved in a range feud with neighbor and cattle rancher Jim Miller.

The Final Footprint – Horn was buried in the Columbia Cemetery in Boulder, Colorado on 3 December 1903.  Rancher Jim Coble paid for his coffin and a stone to mark his grave.  While in jail he wrote his autobiography, Life of Tom Horn: Government Scout and Interpreter (1904), which was published posthumously. Numerous editions have been published of this book since the late 20th century, and debate continues as to whether he was guilty of Nickell’s murder.  Horn was portrayed by Steve McQueen in movie Tom Horn (1980).  While the film took liberties with facts, McQueen’s performance was highly praised, and the film was well received.

#RIP #OTD in 1907 German Expressionist painter, the first known woman painter to paint nude self-portraits, Paula Modersohn-Becker died from a postpartum pulmonary embolism in Worpswede, German Empire aged 31. Worpswede Cemetery

On this day in 1910, writer, Leo Tolstoy, died at the Astapovo railway station, Russia at the age of 82.  Born Lyev Nikolayevich Tolstoy on 9 September 1828 in Yasnaya Polyana, the family estate in the Tula region of Russia.  Perhaps best known for his masterpieces Anna Karenina (1877) and War and Peace (1869).  Some condsider Tolstoy to be the worlds greatest novelist.  Tolstoy is also known for his complicated and paradoxical persona and for his extreme moralistic and ascetic views, which he adopted after a moral crisis and spiritual awakening in the 1870s, after which he also became noted as a moral thinker and social reformer.  His literal interpretation of the ethical teachings of Jesus, centering on the Sermon on the Mount, caused him in later life to become a fervent Christian anarchist and anarcho-pacifist.  His ideas on nonviolent resistance, expressed in such works as The Kingdom of God Is Within You, were to have a profound impact on other thinkers and reformers.  On 23 September 1862, Tolstoy married Sophia “Sonya” Andreevna Bers, who was 16 years his junior and the daughter of a court physician.  Their relationship was apparently passionate and tumultuous and they had 13 children.

The Final Footprint

Just before his death, his health was a concern of his family, who cared for him daily. In his last days, he spoke and wrote about dying. Renouncing his aristocratic lifestyle, he left home one winter night.  His secretive departure was an apparent attempt to escape from his wife’s tirades. She spoke out against many of his teachings, and in recent years had grown envious of his attention to Tolstoyan “disciples”.

Tolstoy died after a day’s train journey south.  The station master took Tolstoy to his apartment, and his personal doctors arrived and gave him injections of morphine and camphor.

The police tried to limit access to his funeral procession, but thousands of peasants lined the streets. Still, some were heard to say that, other than knowing that “some nobleman had died”, they knew little else about Tolstoy.

According to some sources, Tolstoy spent the last hours of his life preaching love, non-violence, and Georgism to fellow passengers on the train

Tolstoy is interred in the  “Place of the Green Wand” in the Forest of the Old Order at Yasnaya Polyana.

#RIP #OTD in 2005, musician, singer/songwriter (Big Sky Country, Living with the Law, Kick the Stones, Breaking Your Fall, Her Furious Angels ), Chris Whitley died from lung cancer in Houston aged 45.

On this day in 2006, film director, screenwriter, and producer, five-time nominee of the Academy Award for Best Director, Robert Altman died from leukemia complications at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles at the age of 81. Born Robert Bernard Altman on February 20, 1925 in Kansas City, Missouri. An enduring figure from the New Hollywood era, Altman was considered a “maverick” in making films with a highly naturalistic but stylized and satirical aesthetic. In my opinion, he is one of the most influential filmmakers in American cinema.

His style of filmmaking was unique among directors, in that his subjects covered most genres, but with a “subversive” twist that typically relies on satire and humor to express his personal vision. Altman developed a reputation for being “anti-Hollywood” and non-conformist in both his themes and directing style. Actors especially enjoyed working under his direction because he encouraged them to improvise, thereby inspiring their own creativity.

He preferred large ensemble casts for his films, and developed a multitrack recording technique which produced overlapping dialogue from multiple actors. This produced a more natural, more dynamic, and more complex experience for the viewer. He also used highly mobile camera work and zoom lenses to enhance the activity taking place on the screen. 

In 2006, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences recognized Altman’s body of work with an Academy Honorary Award. His films MASH (1970), McCabe & Mrs. Miller (1971), and Nashville (1975) have been selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry. Altman is one of the few filmmakers whose films have won the Golden Bear at Berlin, the Golden Lion at Venice, and the Golden Palm at Cannes.

Altman was married three times. His first wife was LaVonne Elmer. They were married from 1947 to 1949. His second wife was Lotus Corelli. They were married from 1950 to 1955. His third wife was Kathryn Reed. They were married from 1957 until his death in 2006.

The Final Footprint

Altman’s cremains were scattered at sea. The film director Paul Thomas Anderson dedicated his 2007 film There Will Be Blood to Altman.

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Day in History 19 November – Nicolas Poussin – Thomas Shadwell – Emma Lazarus – Alan J. Pakula – Mike Nichols – Jana Novotná – Della Reese – Mel Tillis – Rosalyn Carter

Nicolas_Poussin_078On this day in 1665, classical French painter, Nicolas Poussin, died in Rome at the age of 71.  Perhaps the leading painter of the classical French Baroque style, although he spent most of his working life in Rome.  He worked in Rome for a circle of leading collectors there and elsewhere, except for a short period when Cardinal Richelieu ordered him back to France to serve as First Painter to the King.  Most of his works are history paintings of religious or mythological subjects that often have a large landscape element.  He served as inspiration for classically-oriented artists, notably Paul Cézanne.

 The Final Footprint – Poussin is interred at Basilica di San Lorenzo in Lucina in Rome.  The French writer, politician, diplomat and founder of Romanticism in French literature, François-René, vicomte de Chateaubriand, donated the marble memorial in honour of Poussin in 1820.  It reads; POUR LA GLORIE DES ARTS ET LHONNEUR DE LA FRANCE.

Gallery

Venus and Adonis – Nicolas Poussin – 1624 – Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas.

Cephalus and Aurora – Nicolas Poussin – 1627 – National Gallery, London.

Adoration of the Golden Calf – Nicolas Poussin – 1633-34 – National Gallery, London.

A dance to the music of time – Nicolas Poussin – 1640 – The Wallace Collection.

On this day in 1692, English poet and playwright who was appointed poet laureate in 1689, Thomas Shadwell died from an overdose of opium at Chelsea on 19 November 1692.  Born ca. 1642 at Stanton Hall, Norfolk, England.

The Final Footprint – Shadwell was interred at Chelsea Old Church which was destroyed during World War II bombing.  He has a memorial in Poets’ Corner of Westminster Abbey.  Other notable Final Footprints at Westminster include; Robert Browning, Lord Byron, Geoffrey Chaucer, Oliver Cromwell, Charles Darwin, Charles Dickens, Edward The Confessor, Elizabeth I, George II, George Friederic Handel, James I (James VI of Scotland), Samuel Johnson, Ben Jonson, Charles II, Edward III, Edward VI, Stephen Hawking, Henry III, Henry V, Henry VII, Richard II, Rudyard Kipling, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, John Milton, Sir Isaac Newton, Laurence Olivier, Henry Purcell, Mary I, Mary II, Mary Queen of Scots, Lord Alfred Tennyson, Dylan Thomas, and William III.

On this day in 1887 author of poetry, prose, and translations, activist Emma Lazarus died from Hodgkin’s lymphoma in New York City, age 38.  Born in New York City on July 22, 1849.

Perhaps best known for writing the sonnet “The New Colossus”, which was inspired by the Statue of Liberty, in 1883.  Its lines appear inscribed on a bronze plaque, installed in 1903, on the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty.  The last lines of the sonnet were set to music by Irving Berlin as the song “Give Me Your Tired, Your Poor” for the 1949 musical Miss Liberty, which was based on the sculpting of the Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World). The latter part of the sonnet was also set by Lee Hoiby in his song “The Lady of the Harbor” written in 1985 as part of his song cycle “Three Women”.

The Final Footprint

Lazarus was buried in Beth Olam Cemetery in Cypress Hills, Queens. The Poems of Emma Lazarus (2 vols., Boston and New York, 1889) was published after her death, comprising most of her poetic work from previous collections, periodical publications, and some of the literary heritage which her executors deemed appropriate to preserve for posterity.[24] Her papers are kept by the American Jewish Historical Society, Center for Jewish History, and her letters are collected at Columbia University.

#RIP #OTD in 1998 director, (Klute, The Parallax View, All the President’s Men, Comes a Horseman, Starting Over, Sophie’s Choice, Presumed Innocent, The Pelican Brief), screenwriter, Alan J. Pakula died at North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York from injuries in a car crash aged 70. Green River Cemetery, East Hampton NY

On this day in 2014 film and theater director, producer, actor, and comedian, Mike Nichols died of a heart attack at his apartment in Manhattan, thirteen days after his 83rd birthday.  Born Michael Igor Peschkowsky on November 6, 1931 in Berlin.

He was noted for his ability to work across a range of genres and for his aptitude for getting the best out of actors regardless of their experience. He is one of 17 people to have won all four of the major American entertainment awards: Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony (EGOT). His other honors included three BAFTA Awards, the Lincoln Center Gala Tribute in 1999, the National Medal of Arts in 2001,[1] the Kennedy Center Honors in 2003 and the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2010. His films received a total of 42 Academy Award nominations, and 7 wins.

Nichols began his career in the 1950s with the comedy improvisational troupe The Compass Players, predecessor of The Second City, in Chicago. He then teamed up with his improv partner, Elaine May, to form the comedy duo Nichols and May. Their live improv act was a hit on Broadway, and each of their three albums was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album; their second album, An Evening with Mike Nichols and Elaine May, won the award in 1962. After Nichols and May disbanded in 1961, he began directing plays, and quickly became known for his innovative productions and ability to elicit polished performances. His Broadway directing debut was Neil Simon’s Barefoot in the Park in 1963, with Robert Redford and Elizabeth Ashley. He continued to direct plays on Broadway, including Luv (1964), and The Odd Couple (1965) for each of which he received Tony Awards. In 2012, he won his sixth Tony Award for Best Direction of a Play with a revival of Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman starring Philip Seymour Hoffman. Nichols directed and/or produced more than 25 Broadway plays throughout his prolific career.

In 1966, Warner Brothers invited Nichols to direct his first film, Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, starring Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton. It won five Academy Awards and was the top-grossing film of 1966. His next film, The Graduate (1967), starred then unknown actor Dustin Hoffman and Anne Bancroft. It was another critical and financial success and received seven Academy Award nominations, winning Nichols the Academy Award for Best Director. Among the other films Nichols directed were Catch-22 (1970), Carnal Knowledge (1971), Silkwood (1983), Working Girl (1988), Postcards from the Edge (1990), The Birdcage (1996), Primary Colors (1998), Closer (2004), and Charlie Wilson’s War (2007). Nichols also was known for work on television, directing HBO’s Wit (2001) with Emma Thompson and Angels in America (2003) starring Meryl Streep.

The Final Footprint

During the 87th annual Academy Awards on 22 February 2015, Nichols was featured in the In Memoriam segment, in anchor position.

On November 8, 2015, stars and artists gathered at New York’s IAC Building to pay tribute to Nichols. Hosts for the private event included Elaine May and Lorne Michaels. Eric Idle and John Cleese performed. Guests included Streep, Robert De Niro, Al Pacino, Natalie Portman, Carly Simon, Nathan Lane and Christine Baranski.

In 2017, during an Oscars Actress Roundtable with The Hollywood Reporter, Amy Adams, Natalie Portman, and Annette Bening spoke about the impact Nichols had on their lives.  In 2020 Woody Allen described Nichols as “maybe the best comedy director ever on the stage.”

On this day in 2017 professional tennis player, Wimbledon Champion Jana Novotná died from cancer with her friends and family in the Czech Republic, age 49.  Born on 2 October 1968 in Brno, in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic.

She played a serve and volley game, an increasingly rare style of play among women during her career.  Novotná won the women’s singles title at Wimbledon in 1998, and was runner-up in three other majors. Novotná also won 12 major women’s doubles titles (completing a double career Grand Slam), four major mixed doubles titles, and three Olympic medals. She reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 2 in 1997, and held the No. 1 ranking in doubles for 67 weeks.

The Final Footprint

Zidlochovice Cemetery, Zidlochovice, Czech Republic

On this day in 2017, singer, actress, and ordained minister whose career spanned seven decades Della Reese died at her home in Encino, Los Angeles, age 86.  Born Delloreese Patricia Early on July 6, 1931, in the historic Black Bottom neighborhood of Detroit, Michigan.

She began her long career as a singer, scoring a hit with her 1959 single “Don’t You Know?”. In the late 1960s she hosted her own talk show, Della, which ran for 197 episodes.  From 1975 she also starred in films, playing opposite Redd Foxx in Harlem Nights (1989), Martin Lawrence in A Thin Line Between Love and Hate (1996) and Elliott Gould in Expecting Mary (2010). Reese achieved continued success in the religious television drama Touched by an Angel (1994–2003), in which she played the leading role of Tess.

The Final Footprint – Reese was cremated.

And on this day in 2017, singer and songwriter Mel Tillis died of respiratory failure in Ocala, Florida, at the age of 85. Born Lonnie Melvin Tillis on August 8, 1932 in Tampa, Florida. Although he recorded songs since the late 1950s, his biggest success occurred in the 1970s, with a long list of Top 10 songs.

Tillis’ biggest hits include “I Ain’t Never”, “Good Woman Blues”, and “Coca-Cola Cowboy”. On February 13, 2012, President Barack Obama awarded Tillis the National Medal of Arts for his contributions to country music. He also won the Country Music Association Awards’ most coveted award, Entertainer of the Year. Additionally, he was known for his speech impediment, which did not affect his singing voice. His daughter is 1990s country hitmaker Pam Tillis.

  The Final Footprint

Tillis is interred in Woodall Cemetery in Clarksville, Tennessee.

#RIP #OTD in writer, activist for women’s rights and mental health, humanitarian, first lady of the United States (1977 to 1981), wife of 39th POTUS Jimmy Carter, Rosalyn Carter died at her home in Plains, Georgia aged 96. Jimmy Carter National Historic Site, Plains

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Day in History 18 November – Boatswain – Renée Vivien – Marcel Proust – Paul Éluard – Joseph Kennedy – Man Ray – Gia Carangi – Cab Calloway – Doug Sahm – James Coburn

#RIP #OTD in 1808 Lord Byron’s Landseer dog, Boatswain, died of rabies. Byron wrote “Epitaph to a Dog” and had it inscribed on Boatswain’s tomb, which is larger than Byron’s, at Newstead Abbey, Byron’s estate, in Nottinghamshire, England

On this day in 1909 poet (Cendres et Poussières, La Vénus des aveugles, A l’heure des mains jointes, Flambeaux éteints, Sillages, Poèmes en Prose, Dans un coin de violettes, Haillons), “Muse of the Violets”, who wrote in French, in the style of the Symbolistes and the Parnassiens, Renée Vivien died in Paris from pneumonia, aged 32.  Born Pauline Mary Tarn in London on 11 June 1877.

A high-profile lesbian in the Paris of the Belle Époque, she is notable for her work, which has received more attention following revival of interest in Sapphic verse. Many of her poems are autobiographical, pertaining mostly to Baudelarian themes of extreme romanticism and frequent despair. Apart from poetry, she wrote several works of prose, including L’Etre Double (inspired by Coleridge’s Christabel), and an unfinished biography of Anne Boleyn, which was published posthumously. She has been the object of multiple biographies, most notably by Jean-Paul Goujon, André Germain, and Yves-Gerard Le Dantec.

The Final Footprint

Above all, Vivien romanticized death. While visiting London in 1908, deeply despondent, she tried to kill herself by drinking an excess of laudanum. She stretched out on her divan with a bouquet of violets held over her heart. The suicide failed, but while in England, she contracted pleurisy; later, upon her return to Paris, she grew considerably weaker. According to biographer Jean-Paul Goujon, Vivien suffered from chronic gastritis, due to years of chloral hydrate and alcohol abuse. She had also started to refuse to eat. By the summer of 1909, she walked with a cane.

The cause of death was reported at the time as “lung congestion”, but likely resulted from pneumonia complicated by alcoholism, drug abuse, and anorexia nervosa. She was interred at Passy Cemetery in the same exclusive Parisian neighbourhood where she had lived.

On this day in 1922, novelist Marcel Proust, died in Paris at the age of 51.  Born Valentin Louis Georges Eugène Marcel Proust on 10 July 1871 in Auteuil, France.  Author of the monumental  À la recherche du temps perdu (In Search of Lost Time; earlier translated as Remembrance of Things Past).  It was published in seven parts totaling about 3200 pages between 1913 and 1927.  W. Somerset Maugham called the novel the “greatest fiction to date”.  Graham Greene called Proust the “greatest novelist of the 20th century”.

The Final Footprint – Proust is entombed in an individual above ground crypt in the Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris.  Père Lachaise is the largest cemetery in Paris and one of the most visited cemeteries in the world.  Other notable Final Footprints at Père Lachaise include; Guillaume Apollinaire, Honoré de Balzac, Georges Bizet, Jean-Dominique Bauby, Maria Callas, Chopin, Colette, Auguste Comte, Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Ma Ernst, Molière, Jim Morrison, Édith Piaf, Camille Pissarro, Sully Prudhomme, Gioachino Rossini, Georges-Pierre Seurat, Simone Signoret, Gertrude Stein, Dorothea Tanning, Alice B. Toklas, Oscar Wilde, and Richard Wright.

On this day in 1952 poet (Capitale de la douleur, L’Amour la Poésie, “Liberté”) a founder of the Surrealist movement Paul Éluard died from a heart attack at his home, in Charenton-le-Pont, Paris, aged 56.  Born Eugène Émile Paul Grindel in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis on 14 December 1895.

In 1916, he chose the name Paul Éluard, a matronymic borrowed from his maternal grandmother. He adhered to Dadaism and became one of the pillars of Surrealism by opening the way to artistic action politically committed to the Communist Party.

During World War II, he was the author of several poems against Nazism that circulated clandestinely. He became known worldwide as The Poet of Freedom and in my opinion, is the most gifted of French surrealist poets.

The Final Footprint

His funeral was held in the Père Lachaise Cemetery and organized by the French Communist Party.  The French government refused to organise a national funeral for political reasons. A crowd of thousands spontaneously gathered in the streets of Paris to accompany Éluard’s casket to the cemetery. That day, Robert Sabatier wrote: “the whole world was mourning”.

Joseph_P__Kennedy,_Sr__1940On this day in 1969, American businessman, investor, and government official, patriarch of the Kennedy Family, Joseph Kennedy died in Hyannis Port, Massachusetts at the age of 81.  Born Joseph Patrick Kennedy on 6 September 1888 in Boston.  He was the father of U.S. President John F. Kennedy, United States Attorney General and Senator Robert F. Kennedy, United States Senator Edward M. Kennedy, naval officer Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr., Special Olympics co-founder Eunice Kennedy Shriver, and former U.S. Ambassador to Ireland Jean Kennedy Smith.  He was a leading member of the Democratic Party and of the Irish Catholic community.  Kennedy was the inaugural Chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), appointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR), and later directed the Maritime Commission.  Kennedy served as the United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 1938 until late 1940, including the early part of World War II.  Kennedy was educated at Harvard University, and embarked on a career in finance, making a large fortune as a stock market and commodity investor and by investing in real estate and a wide range of industries.  During World War I, he was an assistant general manager of a Boston area Bethlehem Steel shipyard, through which he developed a friendship with FDR, then Assistant Secretary of the Navy.  In the 1920s Kennedy made huge profits from reorganizing and refinancing several Hollywood studios, ultimately merging several acquisitions into Radio-Keith-Orpheum (RKO) studios.  After Prohibition ended in 1933, Kennedy consolidated an even larger fortune when he traveled to Scotland with FDR’s son, James Roosevelt, to buy distribution rights for Scotch whisky.  His company, Somerset Importers, became the exclusive American agent for Gordon’s Gin and Dewar’s Scotch.  He owned the largest office building in the country at that time, Chicago’s Merchandise Mart, giving his family an important base in that city and an alliance with the Irish-American political leadership there.  His term as ambassador and his political ambitions ended abruptly during the Battle of Britain in November 1940, with the publishing of his controversial remarks suggesting that “Democracy is finished in England. It may be here, [in the US].”   Kennedy resigned under pressure shortly afterwards.  In later years, Kennedy worked behind the scenes to continue building the financial and political fortunes of the Kennedy family.  Kennedy married Rose Elizabeth Fitzgerald, the eldest daughter of Boston Mayor John Francis “Honey Fitz” Fitzgerald (political rival of his father P. J. Kennedy) and Mary Josephine “Josie” Hannon.  The marriage joined two of the city’s most prominent Irish-American political families.  The couple had nine children, four boys and five girls.  Kennedy survived all but one of his sons and one of his daughters.

The Final Footprint – Kennedy is interred in the Kennedy private family estate in Holyhood Cemetery in Brookline, Massachusetts.

On this day in 1976, visual artist, Man Ray died in Paris from a lung infection at the age of 86. Born Emmanuel Radnitzky on August 27, 1890 in Philadelphia. He spent most of his career in Paris. He was a significant contributor to the Dada and Surrealist movements. He produced major works in a variety of media but considered himself a painter above all. Perhaps best known for his fashion and portrait photography. Man Ray is also noted for his work with photograms, which he called “rayographs” in reference to himself.

In 1913, Man Ray met his first wife, the Belgian poet Adon Lacroix (Donna Lecoeur) (1887–1975), in New York. They married in 1914, separated in 1919, and formally divorced in 1937.

In July 1921, Man Ray went to live and work in Paris, France. He soon settled in the Montparnasse quarter favored by many artists. Shortly after arriving in Paris, he met and fell in love with Kiki de Montparnasse (Alice Prin), an artists’ model and celebrated character in Paris bohemian circles. Kiki was Man Ray’s companion for most of the 1920s. She became the subject of some of his most famous photographic images and starred in his experimental films, Le Retour à la Raison and L’Étoile de mer. In 1929, he began a love affair with the Surrealist photographer Lee Miller. Miller left him in 1932.

Man Ray was in a relationship with the model Adrienne Fidelin during some time between 1936 and 1940, the two parting ways after Ray fled the Nazi occupation in France, while Adrienne chose to stay behind to care for her family.

Man Ray was forced to return from Paris to the United States due to the Second World War. He lived in Los Angeles from 1940 to 1951 where he focused his creative energy on painting. A few days after arriving in Los Angeles, Man Ray met Juliet Browner, a first-generation American of Romanian-Jewish lineage. She was a trained dancer, who studied dance with Martha Graham, and an experienced artists’ model. The two married in 1946 in a double wedding with their friends Max Ernst and Dorothea Tanning.

Man Ray returned to Paris in 1951, and settled with Juliet into a studio at 2 bis rue Ferou near the Luxembourg Gardens in St. Germain des Pres, where he continued his creative practice across mediums.

In 1963, he published his autobiography, Self-Portrait, which was republished in 1999.

1919, Seguidilla, airbrushed gouache, pen & ink, pencil, and colored pencil on paperboard, 55.8 × 70.6 cm, Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

1920, Three Heads (Joseph Stella and Marcel Duchamp, painting bust portrait of Man Ray above Duchamp), gelatin silver print, 20.7 x 15.7 cm, Museum of Modern Art, New York

1920, The Coat-Stand (Porte manteau), reproduced in New York dada (magazine), Marcel Duchamp and Man Ray, April 1921

Lampshade, reproduced in 391, n. 13, July 1920

1922, Untitled Rayograph, gelatin silver photogram, 23.5 x 17.8 cm

with Salvador Dalí in Paris, on June 16, 1934 making “wild eyes” for photographer Carl Van Vechten

portrayed by Lothar Wolleh, Paris, 1975

Paris 2011

The Final Footprint

He was interred in the Cimetière du Montparnasse in Paris. Ray’s epitaph reads “unconcerned, but not indifferent”. When Juliet Browner died in 1991, she was interred in the same tomb. Her epitaph reads “together again”. Juliet organized a trust for his work and donated much of his work to museums. Her plans to restore the studio as a public museum proved too expensive; such was the structure’s disrepair. Most of the contents were stored at the Pompidou Center. Other notable Final Footprints at Montparnasse include; Charles Baudelaire, Samuel Beckett, Simone de Beauvoir, Emmanuel Chabrier, César Franck, Guy de Maupassant, Adah Isaacs Menken, Man Ray, Camille Saint-Saëns, Jean-Paul Sartre,  Jean Seberg, and Susan Sontag.

On this day in 1986 supermodel Gia Carangi died of AIDS-related complications at Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, aged 26.  Born Gia Marie Carangi in January 29, 1960 in Philadelphia.

Considered by many to be the first supermodel.  She was featured on the cover of many magazines, including multiple editions of Vogue and Cosmopolitan, and appeared in advertising campaigns for luxury fashion houses such as Armani, Dior, Versace and Yves Saint Laurent.

After Carangi became addicted to heroin, her career rapidly declined. As she had spent most of her modeling earnings on drugs, Carangi spent the final three years of her life with various lovers, friends, and family members in Philadelphia and Atlantic City. She was admitted to an intense drug treatment program at Eagleville Hospital in December 1984.  After treatment, she got a job in a clothing store, which she eventually quit.  She later found employment as a checkout clerk and then worked in the cafeteria of a nursing home. By late 1985, she had begun using drugs again and was engaging in sex work in Atlantic City.  Her life was dramatized in the 1998 HBO television film, Gia directed by Michael Cristofer and starring Angelina Jolie as Carangi.

The Final Footprint

In December 1985, Carangi was admitted to Warminster General Hospital in Warminster, Pennsylvania, with bilateral pneumonia. A few days later, she was diagnosed with AIDS-related complex.  In the fall of 1986, Carangi was hospitalized again after being found on the street badly beaten and raped.  On October 18, she was admitted to Hahnemann University Hospital.  Carangi died becoming one of the first famous women to die of the disease.  Her funeral was held on November 23 at a small funeral home in Philadelphia. No one from the fashion world attended.  However, weeks later, Francesco Scavullo, Carangi’s friend and confidant, sent a Mass card when he heard the news.  Sunset Memorial Park, Feasterville, Pennsylvania.

Carangi is often considered to be the first supermodel, although that title has been applied to others, including Margaux Hemingway, Audrey Munson, Lisa Fonssagrives, Dorian Leigh, Twiggy, Jean Shrimpton, and Janice Dickinson.  Model Cindy Crawford, who rose to prominence the year Carangi died, was referred to as “Baby Gia” because of her resemblance to Carangi.  Crawford later recalled, “My agents took me to all the photographers who liked Gia: Albert Watson, Francesco Scavullo, Bill King. Everyone loved her look so much that they gladly saw me.”  Additionally, Carangi, whose sexual orientation has been reported as either lesbian or bisexual, is considered a lesbian icon and is said to have “epitomized lesbian chic more than a decade before the term was coined.”  Argentine model Mica Argañaraz has often been compared to Carangi, whom she considers a beauty icon.

Carangi’s life has been the subject of several works. A biography of Carangi by Stephen Fried titled Thing of Beauty—taken from the first line of John Keats’ famous poem Endymion—was published in 1993. Gia, a biographical television film starring Angelina Jolie, debuted on HBO in 1998. Jolie won a Golden Globe Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award for her performance, among other accolades. A documentary titled The Self-Destruction of Gia, released in 2003, showcased footage of Carangi, contemporary interviews with Carangi’s family and former colleagues, including Sandy Linter, and footage of actress-screenwriter Zoë Lund, herself a heroin addict, who had been commissioned to write a screenplay based upon Carangi’s life at the time of her own death of drug-related causes in 1999.

A biography of Carangi by Sacha Lanvin Baumann titled Born This Way: Friends, Colleagues, and Coworkers Recall Gia Carangi, the Supermodel Who Defined an Era, was published in 2015. Sondra Scerca, who brought Carangi to Wilhelmina, is currently writing a memoir titled GIA, WILLY and ME, which will be released in 2022. The AIDS Memorial Quilt contains one panel with Carangi’s full name on it that only commemorates her, one panel that refers to her as Gia that only commemorates her, and one panel that refers to her as Gia and commemorates other people as well as her.

On this day in 1994, jazz singer, dancer, bandleader and actor Cab Calloway died from pneumonia in a nursing home in Hockessin, Delaware, at the age of 86. Born Cabell Calloway III on December 25, 1907 in Rochester, New York. He was associated with the Cotton Club in Harlem, New York City, where he was a regular performer and became a popular vocalist of the swing era. His niche of mixing jazz and vaudeville won him acclaim during a career that spanned over 65 years.

Calloway was a master of energetic scat singing and led one of the United States’ most popular big bands from the early 1930s to the late 1940s. His band included trumpeters Dizzy Gillespie, Jonah Jones, and Adolphus “Doc” Cheatham, saxophonists Ben Webster and Leon “Chu” Berry, guitarist Danny Barker, bassist Milt Hinton, and drummer Cozy Cole.

Calloway had several hit records in the 1930s and 1940s, becoming known as the “Hi-de-ho” man of jazz for his most recognized song, “Minnie the Moocher”, originally recorded in 1931. He reached the Billboard charts in five consecutive decades (1930s–1970s). Calloway also made several stage, film, and television appearances until his death in 1994 at the age of 86. He had roles in Stormy Weather (1943), Porgy and Bess (1953), The Cincinnati Kid (1965), and Hello Dolly! (1967). His career saw renewed interest in 1980 when he appeared in The Blues Brothers.

Calloway was the first African-American musician to sell a million records from a single song and to have a nationally syndicated radio show. In 1993, Calloway received the National Medal of Arts from the United States Congress.

Calloway married his first wife Wenonah “Betty” Conacher in July 1928. They divorced in 1949. Calloway married Zulme “Nuffie” MacNeal on October 7, 1949.

The Final Footprint

Calloway is entombed in Ferncliff Cemetery and Mausoleum in Hartsdale, New York. Other notable Final Footprints at Ferncliff include:  Aaliyah, James Baldwin, Joan Crawford, Jerome Kern, Thelonious Monk, Oscar Hammerstein II, and Ed Sullivan.

He posthumously received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2008. His song “Minnie the Moocher” was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999 and added to the Library of Congress’ National Recording Registry in 2019. He is also inducted into the Big Band and Jazz Hall of Fame and the International Jazz Hall of Fame.

On this day in 1999, musician, singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Doug Sahm died from a heart attack in Taos, New Mexico,  aged 58.  Born Douglas Wayne Sahm in San Antonio, Texas on 6 November 1949.

Sahm is regarded as one of the main figures of Tex-Mex music, and as an important performer of Texan Music. He gained fame along with his band, the Sir Douglas Quintet, with a top-twenty hit in the United States and the United Kingdom with “She’s About a Mover” (1965). Sahm was influenced by the San Antonio music scene that included conjunto and blues, and later by the hippie scene of San Francisco. With his blend of music, he found success performing in Austin, Texas, as the hippie counterculture soared in the 1970s.

Sahm began singing at age five and learned to play the steel guitar at age six. He was considered a child prodigy on the instrument. By the age of eight, he had appeared on the Louisiana Hayride. He made his recording debut as “Little Doug” in 1955, and was influenced by rock and roll during his teenage years. Sahm had local hit records, while he played clubs as a musician for other bands. In 1965, Huey P. Meaux produced Sahm and the Sir Douglas Quintet’s “She’s About a Mover”. The same year, Sahm moved to California. In 1971, he returned to San Antonio, and soon after he moved to Austin. Atlantic Records signed Sahm and released his debut solo album Doug Sahm and Band in 1973.

After a continuing decline in record sales, Sahm kept performing in clubs in Austin, and moved through different record labels. Meanwhile, he enjoyed success in Sweden and in Canada. In 1989, Sahm formed the supergroup the Texas Tornados with fellow Tex-Mex musicians Augie Meyers, Freddy Fender and Flaco Jiménez. The Texas Tornados toured successfully, and one of their releases earned a Grammy Award. In 1999, Sahm died during a vacation trip. A posthumous album, The Return of Wayne Douglas, was released in 2000. Sahm received multiple honors in the state of Texas, including hall of fame inductions and memorials in public places.

The Final Footprint

Sahm decided to take a vacation trip to New Mexico. He planned to visit a friend in Taos, then continue to a cabin in the Sangre de Cristo Range and finish the trip with a visit to Dan Healy in San Francisco.  Sahm left for New Mexico after a brief visit with his son Shawn in Boerne, Texas. During the trip, Sahm called his son to inform him he had been feeling sick and that he often had to pull over to vomit. Sahm checked into the Kachina Lodge Hotel in Taos. His son continued calling him over the next few days. Sahm’s girlfriend, Debora Hanson, and Shawn offered to fly to New Mexico and drive him back to Texas. Sahm initially refused, but he agreed to drive himself to Albuquerque, New Mexico, to meet Hanson there for the drive back to Texas. As his condition worsened, he asked a clerk about local doctors. They advised him to visit the local emergency room, but he did not do so.  Sahm was found dead in his hotel room. Local authorities determined it to be a death by natural causes, but an autopsy was ordered.  The results of the autopsy determined that Sahm died of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, described as a heart attack.  The Austin Music Network aired a three-hour tribute to Sahm, while KUT dedicated an episode of one of its shows to his music. A memorial concert was announced to take place at Antone’s in December 1999.

On November 23, 1999, Sahm’s funeral took place at the Sunset Memorial Home in San Antonio.  Loudspeakers were placed outside of the funeral home for the service to be heard by the estimated one thousand mourners in attendance. According to the Austin American Statesman, the crowd consisted of people “across all lines of age, race and social standing”.  The viewing lasted an hour and a half, as the mourners passed Sahm’s casket and left keepsakes. Fender chose not to attend the funeral to avoid distracting the crowds with his presence.  Sahm was buried in a private ceremony at Sunset Memorial Park in San Antonio, next to his mother and father.

In July 2000, the songs recorded at the Cherry Ridge Studios sessions the previous year were released on the posthumous album The Return of Wayne Douglas.

James_Coburn_The_Californians_1959On this day in 2002, Academy Award winning actor James Coburn died of heart attack while listening to music in his Beverly Hills home at the age of 77.  Born James Harrison Coburn III in Laurel, Nebraska on 31 August 1928.  Coburn was featured in over 70 films and made 100 television appearances during his 45-year career, winning an Academy Award for his supporting role as Glen Whitehouse in Affliction.  His rugged and “cool” persona made him a prpminent tough guy in numerous leading and supporting roles in westerns and action films, such as The Magnificent Seven (1960)The Great Escape (1963), Major Dundee (1965), Our Man Flint (1966), In Like Flint (1967), Duck, You Sucker! (1971), Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid (1973), Charade (1963) and Cross of Iron (1977).  Coburn married twice; Beverly Kelly (1959 – 1979 divorce) and Paula Murad (1993 – 2002 his death).

James_Coburn_grave_at_Westwood_Village_Memorial_Park_Cemetery_in_Brentwood,_CaliforniaThe Final Footprint – Coburn was cremated and his cremains were inurned in Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery (a Dignity Memorial® provider) in Los Angeles, California, and marked by a stone bench inscribed with his name.  Other notable final footprints at Westwood include; Ray Bradbury, Sammy Cahn, Truman Capote, Rodney Dangerfield, Farrah Fawcett, Brian Keith, Don Knotts, Hugh Hefner, Burt Lancaster, Peter Lawford, Peggy Lee, Janet Leigh, Jack Lemmon, Karl Malden, Dean Martin, Walter Matthau, Marilyn Monroe, Carroll O’Connor, Roy Orbison, George C. Scott, Dorothy Stratten, Natalie Wood, and Frank Zappa.

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Day in History 17 November – Mary I of England – Catherine the Great – Rodin – Audre Lorde – Ruth Brown – Doris Lessing

#RIP #OTD in 1558 Queen of England & Ireland from July 1553 & Queen of Spain & Habsburg dominions as wife of King Philip II from January 1556 until her death, Bloody Mary, Mary I died at St James’s Palace, during an influenza epidemic aged 42. @wabbey Westminster Abbey

#RIP #OTD in 1796 the last reigning Empress of Russia Catherine the Great died from a stroke in the Winter Palace, Saint Petersburg, age 67. Saint Peter and Paul Fortress, Saint Petersburg.

On this day in 1917, sculptor Auguste Rodin, died at his villa in Meudon, Île-de-France, on the outskirts of Paris at the age of 77.  Born François-Auguste-René Rodin on 12 November 1840 in Paris.  Among his best known works: Le Penseur, La Porte de L’enfer, Monument à Balzac, Monument à Victor Hugo, Monument aux Bourgeois de Calais, L’homme qui Marche, L’age D’airain, and Le Baiser.  Clearly, Le Baiser (The Kiss) is my personal favorite.  The sculpture was originally titled Francesca da Rimini, as it depicts the 13th-century Italian noblewoman immortalised in Dante’s Inferno (Circle 2, Canto 5) who falls in love with her husband Giovanni Malatesta’s younger brother Paolo.  They fall in love while reading the story of Lancelot and Guinevere, but the couple are discovered and killed by Giovanni.  In the sculpture, the book can be seen in Paolo’s hand.  The lovers lips do not actually touch in the sculpture to suggest that they were interrupted and met their demise without their lips ever having touched.  In 1864 Rodin began living with Rose Beuret, with whom he would have a son.  In 1883, at the age of 43, Rodin met the 18 year-old artist Camille Claudel.  The two commenced a passionate but stormy relationship and they influenced each other artistically.  She inspired him as a model for many of his female figures.  His muse if you will.  Rodin parted with Claudel in 1898.

The Final Footprint

Fifty-three years into their relationship, Rodin married Beuret. They married on 29 January 1917, and Beuret died two weeks later, on 16 February.  Rodin was ill that year; in January, he suffered weakness from influenza, and on 16 November his physician announced that “congestion of the lungs has caused great weakness. The patient’s condition is grave.”  Rodin died the next day.

A cast of The Thinker was placed next to his tomb in Meudon; it was Rodin’s wish that the figure served as his headstone and epitaph.  In 1923, Marcell Tirel, Rodin’s secretary, published a book alleging that Rodin’s death was largely due to cold, and the fact that he had no heat at Meudon. Rodin requested permission to stay in the Hotel Biron, a museum of his works, but the director of the museum refused to let him stay there.

#RIP #OTD in 1992 writer, professor, philosopher, intersectional feminist, poet, civil rights activist, self-described black, lesbian, feminist, socialist, mother, warrior, poet, Audre Lorde died of breast cancer in St. Croix aged 58. Cremated remains scattered in the Caribbean

On this day in 2006 singer, songwriter, actress, the “Queen of R&B”, Ruth Brown died in Henderson, Nevada from a heart attack and stroke, aged 78.  Born Ruth Alston Weston in Portsmouth, Virginia on 12 January 1928.  She was noted for bringing a pop music style to R&B music in a series of hit songs for Atlantic Records in the 1950s, such as “So Long”, “Teardrops from My Eyes” and “(Mama) He Treats Your Daughter Mean”.  For these contributions, Atlantic became known as “the house that Ruth built” (alluding to the popular nickname for the old Yankee Stadium).  Brown was a 1993 inductee into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

Following a resurgence that began in the mid-1970s and peaked in the 1980s, Brown used her influence to press for musicians’ rights regarding royalties and contracts; these efforts led to the founding of the Rhythm and Blues Foundation.  Her performances in the Broadway musical Black and Blue earned Brown a Tony Award, and the original cast recording won a Grammy Award.  Brown was a recipient of the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2016.  In 2017, Brown was inducted into National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame.

  The Final Footprint

A memorial concert for her was held on January 22, 2007, at the Abyssinian Baptist Church in Harlem, New York.  Roosevelt Memorial Park, Chesapeake City, Virginia

And on this day in 2013 novelist Doris Lessing died at her home in London, aged 94.  Born Doris May Tayler in Kermanshah, Iran, on 22 October 1919.  She lived in Iran until 1925. Her family then moved to Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), where she remained until moving in 1949 to London, England. Her novels include The Grass Is Singing (1950), the sequence of five novels collectively called Children of Violence (1952–1969), The Golden Notebook (1962), The Good Terrorist (1985), and five novels collectively known as Canopus in Argos: Archives (1979–1983).

Lessing was awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Literature. In awarding the prize, the Swedish Academy described her as “that epicist of the female experience, who with scepticism, fire and visionary power has subjected a divided civilisation to scrutiny”.  Lessing was the oldest person ever to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature.

The Final Footprint

During the late-1990s Lessing suffered a stroke, which stopped her from travelling during her later years.  She was still able to attend the theatre and opera.  She began to focus her mind on death, for example asking herself if she would have time to finish a new book.  She was remembered with a humanist funeral service.  Lessing was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium.

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On this day 16 November death of: Clark Gable – Edie Sedgwick – Terry O’Neill

On this day in 1960, U.S. Army Air Corps veteran, Academy Award-winning actor, The King of Hollywood, Clark Gable, died in Los Angeles at the age of 59.  Born William Clark Gable on 1 February 1901 in Cadiz, Ohio.  Of course his most famous role was that of Rhett Butler with Vivien Leigh’s Scarlett O’Hara in Gone with the Wind (1939).  His final film, The Misfits (1961), paired Gable with Marilyn Monroe in her last screen appearance.  The screen play for the movie was written by Monroe’s then husband, Arthur Miller. 

Gable married five times including; Texas socialite Ria Franklin Prentiss Lucas Langham and actress Carole Lombard.  The marriage to Lombard ended when she died in a plane crash on 16 January 1942.  Gable reportedly had affairs with Joan Crawford, Paulette Goddard, Grace Kelly and Loretta Young.

  The Final FootprintGable is entombed next to Lombard in the Great Mausoleum, Sanctuary of Trust, Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, California.  Other notable Final Footprints at Forest Lawn Glendale include; L. Frank Baum, Humphrey Bogart, Lon Chaney, Nat King Cole,  Sam Cooke, Dorothy Dandridge, Sammy Davis, Jr., Walt Disney, Errol Flynn, Jean Harlow, Michael Jackson, Carole Lombard, Tom Mix, Casey Stengel, Jimmy Stewart, Elizabeth Taylor, and Spencer Tracy.

#RIP #OTD in 1971 actress (Ciao! Manhattan), fashion model, “It Girl”, “Youthquaker”, one of Andy Warhol’s superstars Edie Sedgwick died from a barbiturate overdose at her home in Santa Barbara, age 28. Oak Hill Cemetery, Ballard, California

#RIP #OTD in 2019, photographer, known for documenting the fashions, styles, and celebrities of the 1960s, Terry O’Neill died on 16 November 2019 at his home in London from prostate cancer, at the age of 81.

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On this day 15 November death of: Frank Weston Benson – Tyrone Power – The Clutter Family – Alydar – Roy Clark

Frank_W_Benson_artist_headshot-crop-204x300On this day in 1951, impressionist painter, Frank Weston Benson, died in Salem, Massachusetts at the age of 89.  Born 24 March 1862 in Salem.

Perhaps best known for his Realistic portraits, American Impressionist paintings, watercolors and etchings. He began his career painting portraits of distinguished families and murals for the Library of Congress. Some of his best known paintings (Eleanor, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; Summer, Rhode Island School of Design Museum) depict his daughters outdoors at Benson’s summer home, Wooster Farm, on the island of North Haven, Maine. He also produced numerous oil, wash and watercolor paintings and etchings of wildfowl and landscapes.

In 1883 he travelled to Paris to study at the Académie Julian. He enjoyed a distinguished career as an instructor and department head at the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. He was a founding member of the Ten American Painters, American Academy of Arts and Letters and The Guild of Boston Artists.

The Final Footprint – Benson is interred in Harmony Grove Cemetery in Salem alongside his wife Ellen Perry Benson.  Their graves are marked by a large upright marble marker.

    • The Sisters, 1899, Terra Museum, Chicago

    • Eleanor Holding a Shell, 1902, Private collection

    • Calm Morning, 1904, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

    • Evening Light, 1908, Cincinnati Art Museum, Ohio

    Red and Gold, 1915

On this day in 1958, US Marine Corp veteran, actor Tyrone Power died from a heart attack in Madrid, aged 44. Born Tyrone Edmund Power III in Cincinnati, Ohio on 5 May 1914.

From the 1930s to the 1950s, Power appeared in dozens of films, often in swashbuckler roles or romantic leads. Perhaps his best known films include The Mark of ZorroMarie AntoinetteBlood and SandThe Black SwanPrince of FoxesWitness for the ProsecutionThe Black Rose, and Captain from Castile. Power’s own favorite film among those that he starred in was Nightmare Alley.

Though largely a matinee idol in the 1930s and early 1940s and known for his striking good looks, Power starred in films in a number of genres, from drama to light comedy. In the 1950s he began placing limits on the number of films he would make in order to devote more time to theater productions. He received his biggest accolades as a stage actor in John Brown’s Body and Mister Roberts.

Power was one of Hollywood’s most eligible bachelors until he married French actress Annabella (born Suzanne Georgette Charpentier) on July 14, 1939. They had met on the 20th Century Fox lot around the time they starred together in the movie Suez. Power adopted Annabella’s daughter, Anne, before leaving for service. In an A&E biography, Annabella said that Zanuck “could not stop Tyrone’s love for me, or my love for Tyrone.” J. Watson Webb, close friend and an editor at 20th Century Fox, maintained in the A&E Biography that one of the reasons the marriage fell apart was Annabella’s inability to give Power a son, yet, Webb said, there was no bitterness between the couple. In a March 1947 issue of Photoplay, Power was interviewed and said that he wanted a home and children, especially a son to carry on his acting legacy. Annabella shed some light on the situation in an interview published in Movieland magazine in 1948. She said, “Our troubles began because the war started earlier for me, a French-born woman, than it did for Americans.” She explained that the war clouds over Europe made her unhappy and irritable, and to get her mind off her troubles, she began accepting stage work, which often took her away from home. “It is always difficult to put one’s finger exactly on the place and time where a marriage starts to break up,” she said “but I think it began then. We were terribly sad about it, both of us, but we knew we were drifting apart. I didn’t think then—and I don’t think now—that it was his fault, or mine.” The couple tried to make their marriage work when Power returned from military service, but they were unable to do so.

Following his separation from Annabella, Power entered into a love affair with Lana Turner that lasted for a couple of years. In her 1982 autobiography, Turner claimed that she became pregnant with Power’s child in 1948, but chose to have an abortion.

In 1946, Power and lifelong friend Cesar Romero, accompanied by former flight instructor and war veteran John Jefferies as navigator, embarked on a goodwill tour throughout South America where they met, among others, Juan and Evita Peron in Argentina.  On September 1, 1947, Power set out on another goodwill trip around the world, piloting his own plane, “The Geek”.  He flew with Bob Buck, another experienced pilot and war veteran. Buck stated in his autobiography that Power had a photographic mind, was an excellent pilot, and genuinely liked people. They flew with a crew to various locations in Europe and South Africa, often mobbed by fans when they hit the ground. However, in 1948 when “The Geek” reached Rome, Power met and fell in love with Mexican actress Linda Christian. Turner claimed that the story of her dining out with Power’s friend Frank Sinatra was leaked to Power and that Power became very upset that she was “dating” another man in his absence. Turner also claimed that it could not have been a coincidence that Linda Christian was at the same hotel as Tyrone Power and implied that Christian had obtained Power’s itinerary from 20th Century Fox.

Power and Christian were married on January 27, 1949, in the Church of Santa Francesca Romana, with an estimated 8,000 to 10,000 screaming fans outside. Christian miscarried three times before giving birth to a baby girl, Romina Francesca Power, on October 2, 1951. A second daughter, Taryn Stephanie Power, was born on September 13, 1953. Around the time of Taryn’s birth, the marriage was becoming rocky. In her autobiography, Christian blamed the breakup of her marriage on her husband’s extramarital affairs, but acknowledged that she had had an affair with Edmund Purdom. They divorced in 1955.

After his divorce from Christian, Power had a long-lasting love affair with Mai Zetterling, whom he had met on the set of Abandon ShipAt the time, he vowed that he would never marry again, because he had been twice burned financially by his previous marriages. He also entered into an affair with a British actress, Thelma Ruby.  However, in 1957, he met the former Deborah Jean Smith (sometimes incorrectly referred to as Deborah Ann Montgomery), who went by her former married name, Debbie Minardos.  They were married on May 7, 1958, and she became pregnant soon after with Tyrone Power Jr., the son he had always wanted.

The Final Footprint

In September 1958, Power and his wife Deborah traveled to Madrid and Valdespartera, Spain to film the epic Solomon and Sheba, directed by King Vidor and costarring Gina Lollobrigida. Probably affected by hereditary heart disease, and a chain smoker who smoked three to four packs a day, Power had filmed about 75% of his scenes when he was stricken by a massive heart attack while filming a dueling scene with his frequent costar and friend George Sanders. A doctor diagnosed the cause of Power’s death as “fulminant angina pectoris.”  Power died while being transported to the hospital in Madrid.

Power was interred at Hollywood Forever Cemetery (then known as Hollywood Cemetery) in a military service on November 21.  Henry King flew over the service; almost 20 years before, Power had flown in King’s plane to the set of Jesse James in Missouri, Power’s first experience with flying. Aviation became an important part of Power’s life, both in the U.S. Marines and as a civilian. In the foreword to Dennis Belafonte’s The Films of Tyrone Power, King wrote: “Knowing his love for flying and feeling that I had started it, I flew over his funeral procession and memorial park during his burial, and felt that he was with me.”

Power was interred beside a small lake. His grave is marked with a gravestone in the form of a marble bench containing the masks of comedy and tragedy with the inscription “Good night, sweet prince.” At Power’s grave, Laurence Olivier read the poem “High Flight.”

Power’s will, filed on December 8, 1958, contained a then-unusual provision that his eyes be donated to the Estelle Doheny Eye Foundation for corneal transplantation or retinal study.

Deborah Power gave birth to a son on January 22, 1959, two months after her husband’s death. She remarried within the year to producer Arthur Loew Jr.

On this day in 1959, farmer Herbert Clutter (48), his wife Bonnie (45), their daughter Nancy (16), and their son Kenyon (15), were found bound and shot to death in various rooms of their home, on the family’s River Valley Farm on the outskirts of Holcomb, Kansas.

The murders, arrests and convictions of Richard Eugene Hickock and Perry Edward Smith were the basis for author Truman Capote‘s acclaimed book, In Cold Blood, which was serialized in The New Yorker magazine in 1965 and first published in book form in 1966. Capote actually began work on the book several days after he read a news article in a New York paper in 1959 about the murders.  Capote was assisted in his research by his childhood friend, Harper Lee.

The Final Footprint – The Clutters are interred in Valley View Cemetery in Garden City, Kansas.

On this day in 1990, chesnut colt and American thoroughbred race horse, Alydar, died at the age of 15.  Foaled 23 March 1975 at Calumet Farms in Lexington, Kentucky; sire Raise a Native, dam Sweet Tooth, damsire On-And-On.  Trained by John M. Veitch and ridden by jockey Jorge Velasquez, Alydar finished second to archrival Affirmed in all three Triple Crown Races in 1978.  A feat never accomplished, before or since.   In my opinion, their matchup in the Belmont Stakes ranks as the most exciting race in the history of the sport.  Affirmed won by a head to claim racing’s 11th Triple Crown Winner.  I watched all three races on television.  Both horses were beautiful chestnuts and I was a fan of both, but I was hoping that Affirmed would win.  Alydar was a major success as a stallion.  His offspring include; Easy Goer, Alysheba and Strike the Gold.

The Final Footprint – On November 13, 1990, Alydar appeared to have shattered his right hind leg in his stall at Calumet Farm in Lexington, Kentucky. Emergency surgery was performed the next day in an attempt to repair the injury, but the leg broke again. On November 15, Alydar was euthanized.  At the time the owner of Calumet Farm was in dire trouble financially, but suspicions of foul play by the management were not raised until federal prosecutors investigated in the late 1990s. John Thomas (J.T.) Lundy was indicted and convicted in 2000 on separate but related fraud charges—bribing a bank executive for favorable loans—and served nearly four years in prison. The farm’s former attorney, Gary Matthews, was also convicted and received a 21-month prison sentence. The Texas Monthly described Alydar’s death as “a sweeping saga of greed, fraud, and almost unimaginable cruelty that could have been lifted straight from a best-selling Dick Francis horse-racing novel.”

In Houston federal court, MIT professor George Pratt testified that Alydar had to have been killed.  He speculated that someone had tied the end of a rope around Alydar’s leg and attached the other end of the rope to a truck that could easily have been driven into the stallion barn. The truck then took off, pulling Alydar’s leg from underneath him until it snapped; he testified that the force involved was at least three times that which a horse was able to exert. About five days before Alydar’s injury his original night watchman, Harold “Cowboy” Kipp, testified that he was at work on the farm when he was ordered to take Tuesday, November 13 off.

Alydar was given the rare honor of being buried whole (traditionally only the head, heart, and hooves of a winning race horse are buried) in the Calumet Farm Equine Cemetery in Lexington.

#RIP #OTD in 2018 singer (Yesterday, When I Was Young; Thank God and Greyhound), musician, Hee Haw host, Roy Clark died at his Tulsa, Oklahoma home from complications of pneumonia aged 85. Memorial Park Cemetery, Tulsa

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On this day 14 November death of: Giovanni della Casa – Flora Tristan – Booker T. Washington

giovannidellacasaWenceslas_Hollar_-_Altoviti,_or_della_Casa_(State_3)_croppedOn this day in 1556, Florentine poet, writer on etiquette and society, diplomat, and inquisitor, Giovanni della Casa died probably in the Farnese palace in Rome at the age of 53.  Born 28 June 1503 in Florence or Borgo San Lorenzo.  He is celebrated for his famous treatise on polite behavior, Il Galateo overo de’ costumi (1558).  From the time of its publication, this courtesy book has enjoyed success and influence.  In the eighteenth century, critic Giuseppe Baretti wrote in The Italian Library (1757), “The little treatise is looked upon by many Italians as the most elegant thing, as to stile, that we have in our language.”

 The Final Footprint – Casa is entombed in the Church of Sant’Andrea della Valle, Rome. Sant’Andrea della Valle is a minor basilica in the rione of Sant’Eustachio. The basilica is the general seat for the religious order of the Theatines. It is located at Piazza Vidoni, 6 at the intersection of Corso Vittorio Emanuele (facing facade) and Corso Rinascimento.

#RIP #OTD in 1844 French-Peruvian writer and socialist activist who made important contributions to early feminist theory, Paul Gauguin’s grandmother, Flora Tristan died aged 41. Cimetière de la Chartreuse, Bordeaux, France

On this day in 1915, educator, author, orator, and advisor to presidents of the United States, Booker T. Washington died in Tuskegee,
Alabama at the age of 59. Born Booker Taliaferro Washington c. 1856 in Hale’s Ford, Virginia. Between 1890 and 1915, Washington was the dominant leader in the African-American community.

Washington was from the last generation of black American leaders born into slavery and became the leading voice of the former slaves and their descendants. They were newly oppressed in the South by disenfranchisement and the Jim Crow discriminatory laws enacted in the post-Reconstruction Southern states in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Washington was a key proponent of African-American businesses and one of the founders of the National Negro Business League. His base was the Tuskegee Institute, a historically black college in Alabama. As lynchings in the South reached a peak in 1895, Washington gave a speech, known as the “Atlanta compromise”, which brought him national fame. He called for black progress through education and entrepreneurship, rather than trying to challenge directly the Jim Crow segregation and the disenfranchisement of black voters in the South. Washington mobilized a nationwide coalition of middle-class blacks, church leaders, and white philanthropists and politicians, with a long-term goal of building the community’s economic strength and pride by a focus on self-help and schooling. But, secretly, he also supported court challenges to segregation and restrictions on voter registration, passing on funds to the NAACP for this purpose.  Black militants in the North, led by W. E. B. Du Bois, at first supported the Atlanta compromise but after 1909, they set up the NAACP to work for political change. They tried with limited success to challenge Washington’s political machine for leadership in the black community but also built wider networks among white allies in the North.[2]Decades after Washington’s death in 1915, the civil rights movement of the 1950s took a more active and militant approach, which was also based on new grassroots organizations based in the South, such as CORE, SNCC and SCLC.

Washington mastered the nuances of the political arena in the late 19th century, which enabled him to manipulate the media, raise money, develop strategy, network, push, reward friends, and distribute funds. His long-term goal was to end the disenfranchisement of the vast majority of African Americans, who then still lived in the South.

Washington was married three times. In his autobiography Up from Slavery, he gave all three of his wives credit for their contributions at Tuskegee. His first wife Fannie N. Smith was from Malden, West Virginia, the same Kanawha River Valley town where Washington had lived from age nine to sixteen. He maintained ties there all his life, and Smith was a student of his when he taught in Malden. He helped her gain entrance into the Hampton Institute. Washington and Smith were married in the summer of 1882. Fannie died in May 1884.

In 1885 the widower Washington married again, to Olivia A. Davidson (1854-1889). Born free in Virginia to a free woman of color and a father who had been freed from slavery, she moved with her family to the free state of Ohio, where she attended common schools. She later studied at Hampton Institute and the Massachusetts State Normal School at Framingham. She taught in Mississippi and Tennessee before going to Tuskegee to work as a teacher. Washington recruited Davidson to Tuskegee, and promoted her to vice-principal. She died in 1889.

In 1893 Washington married Margaret James Murray. She was from Mississippi and had graduated from Fisk University, a historically black college. Murray outlived Washington and died in 1925.

The Final Footprint

Washington’s coffin being carried to grave site.

He was interred on the campus of Tuskegee University near the University Chapel.

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On this day 13 November death of Gioachino Rossini – Camille Pissarro – Margaret Wise Brown – Karen Silkwood – Leon Russell

On this day in 1868, composer, The Italian Mozart,  Gioachino Rossini, died at his country house at Passy, France at the age of 76.  Born Gioachino Antonio Rossini on 29 February 1792 in Pesaro, Italy.  Best known for his 39 operas which inlcude Il barbiere di Siviglia (The Barber of Seville),  Guillaume Tell (William Tell) and La cenerentola (Cinderella).  A 30-year-old Rossini met Ludwig van Beethoven, then aged 51, in 1822.  Communicating in writing, Beethoven noted: “Ah, Rossini. So you’re the composer of The Barber of Seville. I congratulate you. It will be played as long as Italian opera exists. Never try to write anything else but opera buffa; any other style would do violence to your nature.”  That same year Rossini married the renowned opera singer Isabella Colbran.  She died in 1845 and on 16 August 1846, he married Olympe Pélissier.  During his life Rossini was photographed by Félix Nadar and Etienne Carjat and had his portrait painted by Giorces, Vincenzo Camuccini and Francesco Hayez.  I saw Houston Grand Opera’s production of La cenerentola in October of 1995 with Cecilia Bartoli in the role of Angelina (Cinderella).  I fell in love with opera, and Miss Bartoli, that night.

The Final Footprint – Rossini was entombed in the Rossini Private Mausoleum in Cimetière du Père Lachaise, Paris, Ile-de-France Region, France.  In 1887, his remains were moved and entombed in the Basilica di Santa Croce, in Florence, at the request of the Italian government.  The Basilica di Santa Croce (Basilica of the Holy Cross) is the principal Franciscan church in Florence, and a minor basilica of the Roman Catholic Church.  It is situated on the Piazza di Santa Croce.  It is the burial place of some of the most famous Italians; Michelangelo, Galileo, Machiavelli, and is known also as the Temple of the Italian Glories (Tempio dell’Itale Glorie).  His private mausoleum remains unoccupied at Père Lachaise.  Père Lachaise is the largest cemetery in Paris and one of the most visited cemeteries in the world.  Bravo Rossini!

camillePissarro-portraitOn this day in 1903, Danish-French Impressionist and Neo-Impressionist painter Camille Pissarro died in Paris at the age of 73.  Born Jacob Abraham Camille Pissarro on 10 July 1830 in Charlotte Amalie, Saint Thomas, Danish West Indies (now US Virgin Islands).  Pissarro’s importance resides in his contributions to both Impressionism and Post-Impressionism.  He studied with Gustave Courbet and Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, and later studied and worked alongside Georges Seurat and Paul Signac when he took on the Neo-Impressionist style at the age of 54.  In 1873 he helped establish a collective society of fifteen aspiring artists, perhaps becoming the leading figure in holding the group together and encouraging the other members.  Art historian John Rewald called Pissarro the “dean of the Impressionist painters”, not only because he was the oldest of the group, but also “by virtue of his wisdom and his balanced, kind, and warmhearted personality”.  Cézanne said “he was a father for me. A man to consult and a little like the good Lord,”.  Pissarro apparently was one of Gauguin’s masters.  Renoir referred to his work as “revolutionary”, through his artistic portrayals of the “common man”, as Pissarro insisted on painting individuals in natural settings without “artifice or grandeur”.  Pissarro is the only artist to have shown his work at all eight Paris Impressionist exhibitions, from 1874 to 1886.  In 1871 he married his mother’s maid, Julie Vellay, a vineyard grower’s daughter, with whom he would later have seven children.  They lived outside of Paris in Pontoise and later in Louveciennes, both of which places inspired many of his paintings including scenes of village life, along with rivers, woods, and people at work.

The Final Footprint – Pissarro was entombed in the  Cimetière du Père Lachaise, Paris, Ile-de-France Region, France, the largest cemetery in the city of Paris (44 hectares or 110 acres).  Père Lachaise is in the 20th arrondissement and is notable for being the first garden cemetery, as well as the first municipal cemetery.  It is the site of three World War I memorials.  The cemetery is on Boulevard de Ménilmontant.  The Paris Métro station Philippe Auguste on line 2 is next to the main entrance, while the station called Père Lachaise, on both lines 2 and 3, is 500 metres away near a side entrance.  Many tourists prefer the Gambetta station on line 3, as it allows them to enter near the tomb of Oscar Wilde and then walk downhill to visit the rest of the cemetery.  Other notable Final Footprints at Père Lachaise include; Guillaume Apollinaire, Honoré de Balzac, Georges Bizet, Jean-Dominique Bauby, Maria Callas, Chopin, Colette, Auguste Comte, Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Max Ernst, Molière, Jim Morrison, Édith Piaf, Marcel Proust, Sully Prudhomme, Gioachino Rossini (see above), Georges-Pierre Seurat, Simone Signoret, Gertrude Stein, Dorothea Tanning, Alice B. Toklas, Oscar Wilde, and Richard Wright.

Gallery

    • ”Boulevard Montmartre” cityscape series
    • Boulevard Montmartre à Paris, 1897

    • Boulevard Montmartre, morning, cloudy weather, National Gallery of Victoria, 1897

      • The Boulevard Montmartre on a Winter Morning, 1897, Metropolitan Museum of Art

      • Le Boulevard de Montmartre, Matinée de Printemps, street view from hotel window, 1897

  • Boulevard Montmartre la nuit, 1898

On this day in 1952 writer of children’s books, including Goodnight Moon and The Runaway Bunny, both illustrated by Clement Hurd, Margaret Wise Brown died in Nice, France at 42 of an embolism. She has been called “the laureate of the nursery” for her achievements.  Born 23 May 1910 in Brooklyn.

Brown’s first published children’s book was When the Wind Blew, published in 1937 by Harper & Brothers. Impressed by Brown’s “here and now” style, W. R. Scott hired her as his first editor in 1938.  Through Scott, she published the Noisy Book series among others. As editor at Scott, one of Brown’s first projects was to recruit contemporary authors to write children’s books for the company. Ernest Hemingway and John Steinbeck neglected to respond, but Brown’s hero Gertrude Stein accepted the offer.  Stein’s book The World is Round was illustrated by Clement Hurd, who had previously teamed with Brown on W. R. Scott’s Bumble Bugs and Elephants, considered “perhaps the first modern board book for babies”.  Brown and Hurd later teamed on the children’s book classics The Runaway Bunny and Goodnight Moon, published by Harper. In addition to publishing a number of Brown’s books, under her editorship W. R. Scott published Edith Thacher Hurd’s first book, Hurry Hurry, and Esphyr Slobodkina’s classic Caps for Sale.

From 1944 to 1946, Doubleday published three picture books written by Brown under the pseudonym “Golden MacDonald” (coopted from her friend’s handyman) and illustrated by Leonard Weisgard. Weisgard was a runner-up for the Caldecott Medal in 1946, and he won the 1947 Medal for Little Lost Lamb and The Little Island. Two more of their collaborations appeared in 1953 and 1956, after Brown’s death. The Little Fisherman, illustrated by Dahlov Ipcar, was published in 1945. The Little Fur Family, illustrated by Garth Williams, was published in 1946. Early in the 1950s she wrote several books for the Little Golden Books series, including The Color KittensMister Dog, and Scuppers The Sailor Dog.

The Final Footprint – While on a book tour in Nice, France, she died shortly after surgery for a ruptured appendix. Kicking up her leg to show her nurses how well she was feeling caused a blood clot that had formed in her leg to dislodge and travel to her heart.  Her cremated remains were scattered at her island home, “The Only House,” in Vinalhaven, Maine.

On this day in 1974 chemical technician and labor union activist Karen Silkwood died in a car crash under unclear circumstances near Crescent, Oklahoma at the age of 28. Born Karen Gay Silkwood on February 19, 1946 in Longview, Texas. Primarily known for raising concerns about corporate practices related to health and safety of workers in a nuclear facility. Following her mysterious death her estate filed a lawsuit against chemical company Kerr-McGee, which was eventually settled for $1.38 million. Her story was chronicled in Mike Nichols‘s 1983 Academy Award-nominated film Silkwood in which she was portrayed by Meryl Streep.

She worked at the Kerr-McGee Cimarron Fuel Fabrication Site plant near Crescent, Oklahoma, United States. Silkwood’s job was making plutonium pellets for nuclear reactor fuel rods. This plant experienced theft of plutonium by workers during this era. She joined the union and became an activist on behalf of issues of health and safety at the plant as a member of the union’s negotiating team, the first woman to have that position at Kerr-McGee. In the summer of 1974, she testified to the Atomic Energy Commission about her concerns.

The Final Footprint

Silkwood said she had assembled documentation for her claims, including company papers. She decided to go public with this evidence, and contacted David Burnham, a New York Times journalist, who was interested in her story. On November 13, 1974, Silkwood left a union meeting at the Hub cafe in Crescent. Another attendee of that meeting later testified that Silkwood had a binder and a packet of documents with her at the cafe. Silkwood got into her Honda Civic and headed alone for Oklahoma City, about 30 miles (48 km) away, to meet with Burnham, the New York Times reporter, and Steve Wodka, an official of her union’s national office.  Later that evening, Silkwood’s body was found in her car, which had run off the road and struck a culvert on the east side of State Highway 74, 0.11 miles (180 m) south of the intersection with West Industrial Road. The car contained none of the documents she had been holding in the union meeting at the Hub cafe. She was pronounced dead at the scene in what was believed to be an accident. The trooper at the scene remembers that he found one or two tablets of the sedative methaqualone (Quaalude) in the car, and he remembers finding cannabis. The police report indicated that she fell asleep at the wheel. The coroner found 0.35 milligrams of methaqualone per 100 milliliters of blood at the time of her death — an amount almost twice the recommended dosage for inducing drowsiness.

Some journalists have theorized that Silkwood’s car was rammed from behind by another vehicle, with the intent to cause an accident that would result in her death.  Skid marks from Silkwood’s car were present on the road, suggesting that she was trying to get back onto the road after being pushed from behind.

Investigators also noted damage on the rear of Silkwood’s vehicle that, according to Silkwood’s friends and family, had not been present before the accident. As the crash was entirely a front-end collision, it did not explain the damage to the rear of her vehicle. A microscopic examination of the rear of Silkwood’s car showed paint chips that could have come only from a rear impact by another vehicle. Silkwood’s family claimed to know of no accidents of any kind that Silkwood had had with the car, and that the 1974 Honda Civic she was driving was new when purchased and no insurance claims were filed on that vehicle.

Silkwood’s relatives, too, confirmed that she had taken the missing documents to the union meeting and placed them on the seat beside her. According to her family, she had received several threatening phone calls very shortly before her death. Speculation about foul play has never been substantiated.

Because of concerns about contamination, the Atomic Energy Commission and the State Medical Examiner requested analysis of Silkwood’s organs by the Los Alamos Tissue Analysis Program.

Public suspicions led to a federal investigation into plant security and safety. National Public Radio reported that this investigation had found that 20 to 30 kilograms (44–66 lb) of plutonium had been misplaced at the plant.

Kerr-McGee closed its nuclear fuel plants in 1975. The Department of Energy (DOE) reported the Cimarron plant as decontaminated and decommissioned in 1994.

PBS Frontline produced the program, Nuclear Reaction, which included aspects of the Silkwood story. Its website for the program includes a summary of details entitled “The Karen Silkwood Story”, as printed November 23, 1995 in Los Alamos Science. The PBS program covered the risks of nuclear energy and raised questions about corporate accountability and responsibility.

Silkwood is interred in Danville Cemetery in Kilgore, Texas.

On this day in 2016, musician and songwriter Leon Russell died in his sleep at his suburban Nashville home in Mt. Juliet, Tennessee while recovering from heart surgery, at the age of 74. Born Claude Russell Bridges on April 2, 1942 in Lawton, Oklahoma. He was involved with numerous bestselling pop music records during his 60-year career. His genres included pop, country, rock, folk, gospel, bluegrass, rhythm and blues, folk rock, blues rock, surf, standards, and Tulsa Sound.

His collaborations rank as some of the most successful in music history, and as a touring musician he performed with hundreds of notable artists. He recorded 33 albums and at least 430 songs. He wrote “Delta Lady”, recorded by Joe Cocker, and organized and performed with Cocker’s Mad Dogs and Englishmen tour in 1970. His “A Song for You”, added to the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2018, has been recorded by more than 200 artists, and his “This Masquerade” by more than 75.

As a pianist, he played in his early years on albums by The Beach Boys, Dick Dale and Jan and Dean. On his first album, Leon Russell, in 1970, the musicians included Eric Clapton, Ringo Starr, and George Harrison. One of his biggest early fans, Elton John, said Russell was a “mentor” and an “inspiration”. They recorded their album The Union in 2010, which earned them a Grammy nomination.

Russell produced and played in recording sessions for, among others Bob Dylan, Frank Sinatra, Ike & Tina Turner, and The Rolling Stones. He wrote and recorded the hits “Tight Rope” and “Lady Blue”. He performed at The Concert for Bangladesh in 1971 along with Harrison, Dylan, and Clapton, for which he earned a Grammy Award.

His recordings earned six gold records. He received two Grammy awards from seven nominations. In 2011, he was inducted into both the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Songwriters Hall of Fame.

The Final Footprint

Russell’s funeral was on November 18 at Victory Baptist Church in Mt. Juliet, Tennessee, and a public memorial was held at The Oral Roberts University Mabee Center on November 20 in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He is interred at the Memorial Park Cemetery in Tulsa, Oklahoma.

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On this day 12 November death of: Duncan II – William Holden – Eve Arden – Jonathan Brandis – Ira Levin – Lupita Tovar – Stan Lee

Scottish Flag

On this day in 1094, King of Scots, Duncan II, died at the Battle of Mondoynes.  Born Donnchad mac Maíl Coluim before c. 1060.  Son of Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) and his first wife Ingibiorg Finnsdottir, widow of Thorfinn Sigurdsson.  About 1093–1094 Duncan married Uchtreda of Northumbria, daughter of Gospatric, Earl of Dunbar and Northumbria.  Duncan deposed his uncle Donald III but reigned for only six months.  He was succeeded by Donald III.  I am very proud of my Scottish heritage.  In My Defens, God Me Defend!

The Final Footprint – There are two, contradictory accounts about the burial place of Duncan II. One reports him buried at Dunfermline Abbey, the other at the isle of Iona at Iona Abbey.  Dunfermline occupies the site of the ancient chancel and transepts of a large medieval Benedictine abbey, which was sacked in 1560 during the Scottish Reformation and permitted to fall into disrepair. Part of the old abbey church continued in use at that time and some parts of the abbey infrastructure still remain to this day.  Dunfermline Abbey is one of Scotland’s most important cultural sites. The ancient burial ground at Iona Abbey, called the Rèilig Odhrain (Eng: Oran’s “burial place” or “cemetery”), contains the 12th century chapel of St Odhrán, restored at the same time as the Abbey itself.  It contains a number of medieval grave monuments.  The abbey graveyard contains the graves of many early Scottish Kings, as well as kings from Ireland, Norway and France.  Iona became the burial site for the kings of Dál Riata and their successors.  Other notable final footprints at Dunfermline include; Saint Margaret of Scotland, Edgar, Alexander I, David I, Malcolm IV, Alexander III, and Robert The Bruce.

williamHolden-portraitOn this day in 1981 Academy Award winning actor William Holden bled to death from a head wound suffered in a fall in his apartment in Santa Monica, California at the age of 63.  Born William Franklin Beedle, Jr. in O’Fallon, Illinois on 17 April 1918.  In my opinion, one of the most popular movie stars of all time, Holden was one of the biggest box office draws of the 1950s.  Holden won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1953 for his role in Stalag 17, and a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor for his role in the 1973 television film The Blue Knight.  Holden starred in some of Hollywood’s most popular and critically acclaimed films, including such blockbusters as Sunset Boulevard, The Bridge on the River Kwai, The Wild Bunch, Picnic, The Towering Inferno, and Network.  He was named one of the “Top 10 Stars of the Year” six times (1954–1958, 1961).  Holden married actress Ardis Ankerson (stage name Brenda Marshall) (1941 – 1971 divorce).  They served as best man and matron of honor as the only guests at the wedding of Ronald Reagan and Nancy Davis.  During the filming of Sabrina (1954), Audrey Hepburn and Holden became romantically involved.  Holden met French actress Capucine in the early 1960s.  The two starred in the films The Lion (1962) and The 7th Dawn (1964).  They began a two-year affair.  In 1972, Holden began a nine-year relationship with actress Stefanie Powers.  My favorite Holden movies; Sabrina (1954), The Horse Soldiers (1959) and The Wild Bunch (1969).

The Final Footprint – Holden had dictated in his will that the Neptune Society cremate him and scatter his ashes in the Pacific Ocean.  No funeral or memorial service was held, per his wishes.  For his contribution to the film industry, Holden has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame located at 1651 Vine Street.  He also has a star on the St. Louis Walk of Fame.

#RIP #OTD in 1990 actress (Mildred Pierce; The Unfaithful; The Arnelo Affair; Whiplash; Anatomy of a Murder; Stage Door; Our Miss Brooks; The Mothers-In-Law; Grease) Eve Arden died at home in Beverly Hills at age 82. Westwood Memorial Park, Westwood, California

On this day in 2003 actor Jonathan Brandis died at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles from injuries sustained in a hanging, aged 27. Born Jonathan Gregory Brandis in Danbury, Connecticut on 13 April 1976.

Beginning his career as a child model, Brandis moved on to acting in commercials and subsequently won television and film roles. Brandis made his acting debut in 1982 as Kevin Buchanan on the soap opera One Life to Live. In 1990, he portrayed Bill Denbrough in the television miniseries It. Also in 1990, he starred as Bastian Bux in The NeverEnding Story II: The Next Chapter.  In 1993, at the age of 17, he was cast in the role of teen prodigy Lucas Wolenczak on the NBC series seaQuest DSV. The character was popular among teenage viewers, and Brandis regularly appeared in teen magazines.

The Final Footprint – Brandis was found hanging in the hallway of his Los Angeles apartment. He was transported to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and died the following day of injuries sustained from the hanging.

Brandis did not leave a suicide note.  After his death, friends reported that he had been depressed about his waning career and was reportedly disappointed when his appearance in the 2002 war drama Hart’s War, a role he hoped would revive his career, was significantly reduced in the film’s final cut. Brandis began drinking heavily and said that he intended to kill himself.

#RIP #OTD in 2007 novelist (A Kiss Before Dying, Rosemary’s Baby, The Stepford Wives, This Perfect Day, The Boys from Brazil, Sliver), playwright, songwriter Ira Levin died of a heart attack at his home in Manhattan aged 78. cremation

On this day in 2016, actress and centenarian Lupita Tovar died in Los Angeles at the age of 106. Born Guadalupe Natalia Tovar on 27 July 1910 Perhaps best known for her starring role in the 1931 Spanish language version of Drácula, filmed in Los Angeles by Universal Pictures at night using the same sets as the Bela Lugosi version, but with a different cast and director. She also starred in the 1932 film Santa, one of the first Mexican sound films, and one of the first commercial Spanish-language sound films.

Producer Paul Kohner proposed to Tovar over the phone—he had previously tried to give her a ring—and Tovar went to Czechoslovakia to meet him. They were married, by a rabbi, in Czechoslovakia on October 30, 1932, at Kohner’s parents’ home.

in film Santa

The Final Footprint

Tovar’s final resting place is at Hillside Memorial Park and Mortuary in Culver City, California. Other notable Final Footprints at Hillside Memorial include; Jack Benny, Milton Berle, Neil Bogart, Cyd Charisse, Mickey Cohen, Lorne Greene, Monty Hall, Moe Howard, David Janssen, Al Jolson, Michael Landon, Leonard Nimoy, Suzanne Pleshette, Dinah Shore, and Shelley Winters.

And on this day in 2018, United States Army veteran, comic book writer, editor, publisher, and producer Stan Lee died at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, at the age of 95. Born Stanley Martin Lieber on December 28, 1922 in Manhattan. He rose through the ranks of a family-run business to become Marvel Comics’ primary creative leader for two decades, leading its expansion from a small division of a publishing house to a multimedia corporation that dominated the comics industry.

In collaboration with others at Marvel—particularly co-writer/artists Jack Kirby and Steve Ditko—he co-created popular fictional characters, including superheroes Spider-Man, the X-Men, Iron Man, Thor, the Hulk, Black Widow, the Fantastic Four, Black Panther, Daredevil, Doctor Strange, Scarlet Witch and Ant-Man. He pioneered a more naturalistic approach to writing superhero comics in the 1960s, and in the 1970s he challenged the restrictions of the Comics Code Authority, indirectly leading to changes in its policies. In the 1980s he pursued the development of Marvel properties in other media, with mixed results. Following his retirement from Marvel in the 1990s, he remained a public figurehead for the company, and frequently made cameo appearances in films and television shows based on Marvel characters, on which he received an executive producer credit. Meanwhile, he continued independent creative ventures into his 90s, until his death in 2018.

The Final Footprint

His body was cremated and his cremated remains were given to his daughter.

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On this day 11 November death of Nat Turner – Søren Kierkegaard – Lucretia Mott – Jerome Kern – Dimitri Tiomkin – Robert Vaughn

Nat_Turner_capturedOn this day in 1831 African American slave Nat Turner was hanged after being convicted of leading a slave rebellion in Virginia.  Born 2 October 1800 in Southampton County, Virginia.  The rebellion resulted in 60 white deaths.  Local residents responded with at least 200 black deaths.  In the aftermath, the state executed 56 blacks accused of being part of Turner’s slave rebellion.  Across Virginia and other southern states, state legislators passed new laws prohibiting education of slaves and free blacks, restricting rights of assembly and other civil rights for free blacks, and requiring white ministers to be present at black worship services.

The Final Footprint – Turner’s body was flayed, beheaded and quartered.  The Confessions of Nat Turner (1967), a novel by William Styron, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1968.  This book spurred cultural discussions about how different peoples can interpret the past and whether any one group has sole ownership of any portion of a historical event.

sorenKierkegaardOn this day in 1855, Danish philosopher, theologian, poet, social critic, and religious author, the “Father of Existentialism”,  Søren Kierkegaard died in Frederik’s Hospital in Copenhagen at the age of 42.  Born Søren Aabye Kierkegaard on 5 May 1813 in Copenhagen.  Kierkegaard  wrote critical texts on organized religion, Christendom, morality, ethics, psychology and philosophy of religion, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony and parables.  Much of his philosophical work deals with the issues of how one lives as a “single individual”, giving priority to concrete human reality over abstract thinking, and highlighting the importance of personal choice and commitment.  He was a fierce critic of idealist intellectuals and philosophers of his time, such as Swedenborg, Hegel, Goethe, Fichte, Schelling, Schlegel, and Hans Christian Andersen.

His theological work focuses on Christian ethics, the institution of the Church, the differences between purely objective proofs of Christianity, the infinite qualitative distinction between man and God, and the individual’s subjective relationship to the God-Man Jesus Christ, which came through faith.  Much of his work deals with the art of Christian love.  He was extremely critical of the practice of Christianity as a state religion, primarily that of the Church of Denmark.  His psychological work explored the emotions and feelings of individuals when faced with life choices.

Kierkegaard’s early work was written under various pseudonyms which he used to present distinctive viewpoints and interact with each other in complex dialogue.  He assigned pseudonyms to explore particular viewpoints in-depth, which required several books in some instances, while Kierkegaard, openly or under another pseudonym, critiqued that position.  He wrote many Upbuilding Discourses under his own name and dedicated them to the “single individual” who might want to discover the meaning of his works.  Notably, he wrote: “Science and scholarship want to teach that becoming objective is the way. Christianity teaches that the way is to become subjective, to become a subject.”  While scientists can learn about the world by observation, Kierkegaard emphatically denied that observation could reveal the inner workings of the spiritual world.

Some of Kierkegaard’s key ideas include the concept of “Truth as Subjectivity”, the knight of faith, the recollection and repetition dichotomy, angst, the infinite qualitative distinction, faith as a passion, and the three stages on life’s way.  Kierkegaard’s writings were written in Danish and were initially limited to Scandinavia, but by the turn of the 20th century, his writings were translated into major European languages, such as French and German.  In my opinion, by the mid-20th century, his writings exerted a substantial influence on philosophy, theology, and Western culture.

sorenKierkegaardGraveThe Final Footprint – Kierkegaard is interred in the Assistens Kirkegård in the Nørrebro section of Copenhagen.  At Kierkegaard’s funeral, his nephew Henrik Lund caused a disturbance by protesting Kierkegaard’s burial by the official church.  Lund maintained that Kierkegaard would never have approved, had he been alive, as he had broken from and denounced the institution. Hans Christian Andersen is also interred at Assistens Kirkegård.

On this day in 1880 American Quaker, abolitionist, women’s rights activist, social reformer, Lucretia Mott died of pneumonia at her home, Roadside, in the district now known as La Mott, Cheltenham, Pennsylvania, aged 87.  Born Lucretia Coffin on January 3, 1793 in Nantucket, Massachusetts.

She had formed the idea of reforming the position of women in society when she was amongst the women excluded from the World Anti-Slavery Convention held in London in 1840. In 1848, she was invited by Jane Hunt to a meeting that led to the first public gathering about women’s rights, the Seneca Falls Convention, during which the Declaration of Sentiments was written.

On April 10, 1811, Lucretia Coffin married James Mott at Pine Street Meeting in Philadelphia.  James was a Quaker businessman who shared her anti-slavery interests, supported women’s rights, and helped found Swarthmore College.  They raised six children, five of whom made it to adulthood.

The Final Footprint

She was interred near to the highest point of Fair Hill Burial Ground, a Quaker cemetery in North Philadelphia.

On this day in 1945, Academy Award-winning composer, Jerome Kern, died from a cerebral hemorrhage while walking at the corner of Park Avenue and 57th Street in New York City at the age of 60, with fellow composer Oscar Hammerstein II at his side.  Born Jerome David Kern on 27 January 1885 in New York City.  In my opinion, one of the most important American theatre composers.  He wrote over 700 songs including; “Ol’ Man River”, “Can’t Help Lovin’ Dat Man”, “A Fine Romance”, “Smoke Gets in Your Eyes”, “All the Things You Are”, “The Way You Look Tonight”, “Long Ago (and Far Away), “The Last Time I Saw Paris” and “Lovely to Look At”.  Kern wrote the musical stage version of Edna Ferber’s Show Boat.  Arguably his greatest score, it was a huge success.  American musical theatre would never be the same.  Kern named his yacht Show Boat.

The Final Footprint

Kern is entombed in a Private Memorial Niche in Ferncliff Mausoleum, Ferncliff Cemetery and Mausoleum, Hartsdale, New York.  Other notable Final Footprints at Ferncliff include:  Aaliyah, James Baldwin, Cab Calloway, Joan Crawford, Thelonious Monk, Oscar Hammerstein II, and Ed Sullivan.

On this day in 1979 film composer and conductor Dimitri Tiomkin died in London two weeks after fracturing his pelvis in a fall, aged 85.  Born Dimitri Zinovievich Tiomkin on May 10, 1894 in Kremenchug, Poltava Governorate, Russian Empire.

Classically trained in Saint Petersburg before the Bolshevik Revolution, he moved to Berlin and then New York City after the Russian Revolution. In 1929, after the stock market crash, he moved to Hollywood, where he perhaps became best known for his film scores, including; dramas: Shadow of a Doubt, Strangers on a Train, The Alamo, Dial M for Murder, The High and the Mighty, The Old Man and the Sea, Duel in the SunRed RiverHigh NoonThe Big SkyGunfight at the O.K. CorralRio Bravo, and Last Train from Gun Hill.  Tiomkin received 22 Academy Award nominations and won four Oscars, three for Best Original Score for High Noon, The High and the Mighty, and The Old Man and the Sea, and one for Best Original Song for “The Ballad of High Noon” from the film High Noon.

Tiomkin married twice; Carolina Perfetto and Albertina Rasch in 1927.  They remained married until her death on October 2, 1967, at age 76 in Woodland Hills, California, following a prolonged illness.

The Final Footprint

Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California

And on this day in 2016 stage, film and television actor, author, political activist and advertising spokesperson whose career spanned nearly six decades, Robert Vaughn died in a hospice in Danbury, Connecticut from leukemia, aged 83.  Born Robert Francis Vaughn on November 22, 1932 at Charity Hospital in Manhattan.

Appearing as a lead or character actor in scores of films, Vaughn portrayed the disabled, drunken war veteran Chester A. Gwynn in The Young Philadelphians, earning him a 1959 nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. Vaughn then portrayed the gunman Lee in The Magnificent Seven (1960).

Vaughn was the lead or guest star in over 200 television shows, including playing the spy Napoleon Solo in the 1960s international hit series The Man from U.N.C.L.E.. Vaughn won an Emmy in 1978 for his portrayal of the White House Chief of Staff in the miniseries Washington: Behind Closed Doors.

In his 2008 autobiography, A Fortunate Life, Vaughn summed up his life, saying “With a modest amount of looks and talent and more than a modicum of serendipity, I’ve managed to stretch my 15 minutes of fame into more than half a century of good fortune.  The breaks all fell my way”.

Vaughn married actress Linda Staab in 1974. They appeared together in a 1973 episode of The Protectors, called “It Could Be Practically Anywhere on the Island”.  They resided in Ridgefield, Connecticut.

During the late 1960s Joyce Jameson was a girlfriend of Vaughn’s. She acted opposite Vaughn as a guest star on a 1966 U.N.C.L.E. episode “The Dippy Blond Affair”.

The Final Footprint – Cremation

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